FRISCH, RAGNAR, Norway, Oslo University, * 1895, † 1973; and
TINBERGEN, JAN, The Netherlands, The Netherlands School of Economics, Rotterdam, * 1903, † 1994:
"for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes"
"for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science"
"for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development"
HICKS, Sir JOHN R., Great Britain, All Souls College, Oxford, * 1904, † 1989; and
ARROW, KENNETH J., U.S.A., Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, * 1921:
"for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory"
"for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems"
MYRDAL, GUNNAR, Sweden, * 1898, † 1987; and
VON HAYEK, FRIEDRICH AUGUST, Great Britain, * 1899 (in Vienna, Austria), † 1992:
"for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena"
KANTOROVICH, LEONID VITALIYEVICH, USSR, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, * 1912, † 1986; and
KOOPMANS, TJALLING C., U.S.A., Yale University, New Haven, CT, * 1910 (in s'Graveland, the Netherlands), † 1986:
"for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources"
"for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy"
OHLIN, BERTIL, Sweden, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, * 1899, † 1979; and
MEADE, JAMES E, Great Britain, Cambridge University, Cambridge, * 1907 † 1995:
"for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements"
"for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations"
SCHULTZ, THEODORE W., U.S.A., University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, * 1902; and
LEWIS, Sir ARTHUR, United Kingdom,, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, U.S.A., * 1915 (in the West Indies), † 1991:
"for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries"
"for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies"
"for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices"
"for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation"
"for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium"
"for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis"
"for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets"
"for his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making"
"for his contributions to the theory of economic growth"
"for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources"
"for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures"
MARKOWITZ, HARRY M., U.S.A., City University of New York, NY, * 1927;
MILLER, MERTON H., U.S.A., University of Chicago, IL, * 1923; and
SHARPE, WILLIAM F., U.S.A., Stanford University, CA, * 1934:
"for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics"
"for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy"
"for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction, including nonmarket behaviour"
FOGEL, ROBERT W., U.S.A., University of Chicago, IL, * 1926; and
NORTH, DOUGLASS C., U.S.A., Washington University, St. Louis, MO, * 1920:
"for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change"
HARSANYI, JOHN C., U.S.A., University of California, Berkeley, CA, * 1920 (in Budapest, Hungary);
NASH, JOHN F., U.S.A., Princeton University, NJ, * 1928; and
SELTEN, REINHARD, Germany, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany, * 1930:
"for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games"
"for having developed and applied the hypothesis of rational expectations, and thereby having transformed macroeconomic analysis and deepened our understanding of economic policy"
MIRRLEES, JAMES A., Great Britain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Great Britain, * 1936; and
VICKREY, WILLIAM, Canada Columbia University, New York, U.S.A, * 1914, † 1996:
"for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information"
MERTON, ROBERT C., Harvard University, Cambridge, Cambridge, U.S.A., * 1944; and
SCHOLES, MYRON S., Stanford University, Stanford, U.S.A, * 1941:
"for a new method to determine the value of derivatives"